Water-circulating system for steam-boilers.



No. 695,088. Patented Mar. 11, I902.

- ,1. E. CAVANAGH.

WATER GIRGULATING SYSTEM FOR STEAM BOILERS. (Application filed A r; 13.1901. (No Model.) 5 Sheets-8heet THE Noams PETERS do. uoTuumo"wAsuwm'ow, D- c.

No. 695,088. Patented Mar. II, 19 02.

J. E. CAVANAGH.

WATEB CIBCULATING SYSTEM FOR STE AM BOILERS. (Applcation fi ed Apt. 13.1901. (No Model.) SSheets-Shemat 2.

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No. 695,03 Patented Mar. II, I902. M .1. E. CAVANAGH.

WATER GIRCULATING SYSTEM FOR STEAM BOILERS.

(Applic'ation filed Apr. 13. I901.)

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No. 695,088. Patented Mar. u, I902: J. E. GAVANAGH.

WATER CIRCULATING SYSTEM'FOR STEAM BOILERS.

(Application fllegi Apr. 13. 1901.)

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No. 695,088. Patented Mar. ll, I902.

Y J. E. CAVANAGH. WATER CI RCULATING SYSTEM FOR STEAM BOILERS.

(Application filed Apr. 13. 1901.!

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JOHN E. OAVANAGH, OF CLOQUET, MINNESOTA.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 695,088, dated March11, 1902.

Application filed April 1S, 1901- Serial No. 55,611. (No model.) 4

T0 aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JOHN E. CAVANAGH,

a citizen of the United States, residing at 010- quet, in the county ofCarlton and State of Minnesota, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in \Vater-Girculating Systems of Steam-Boilers; and I dohereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descriptionof the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to whichit appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to steam-boilers, and is particularly directed tothe improvement of the circulating system or connections therefor. v

The principal object of my invention is to provide circulatingconnections which will direct the circulating water back into the boilerin such manner that a spiral motion will be given to the. water withinthe boiler and around the generating-fines thereof. This spiral motionof the water is preferably started at one end of the boiler andcontinued to the opposite end thereof. Under this motion the temperatureof the water throughout the boiler is kept very nearly even and anapproximate equal amount of moving water is brought into contact witheach generatingflue. Furthermore, by this same action or spiral movementof the water all mud or foreign material contained in the water will bekept stirred up and prevented from settling within the boiler, fromwhich it follows that such sediment will be precipitated only within themud-drum or other receptacle of the circulating connections whichanswers as a depository for such mud or sediment.

My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein likecharacters indicate like parts throughout the several views.

Figure l is a view, partly in side elevation and partly in verticalsection, showing an ordinary horizontal boiler having elected thereto acirculating system of connections arranged in accordance with myinvention. Fig. 2 is a vertical section taken approximately on theirregular line 00 00 of Fig. 1, some parts being broken away. Fig. 3 isa View corresponding to Fig. 1, but illustrating a slightly-modifiedconstruction. Fig. 4. is a view corresponding to Figs. 1 and 3, butillustrating a construction in which a mud-drum is used in thecirculating connections and illustrating also certain other novelfeatures of my invention; and Fig. 5 is a transverse vertical sectiontaken approximately on the irregular line :0 03

In all the constructions described numeral 1 indicates the bodyof theboiler, the numeral 2 the fines, the numeral 3 the smoke-box, and thenumeral 4 the smoke-stack of an ordinary horizontal boiler. The boileris shown as supported and incased in the ordinary way by masonry,(indicated in its entirety by the numeral 5.)

Numeral 6 indicates the fire-box grate, the numeral 7 the front wall ofthe fire-box, and the numeral 8 the rear wall of the said firebox. Thesaid wall 8 terminates below the bottom of the boiler 1 and serves todeflect upward the products of combustion as they pass from the fire-boxor combustion-chamber 9 to the rearwardly-extended combustionchamber 10.

In the construction illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 the water circulatesdownward from the boiler through a downflow-pipe a, which is connected,as shown, by a T-head a to the rear end of a horizontally-extended pipeo to the forward end of which pipe another T- head a is shown assecured. The downfiowpipe Ct opens centrally from the lowermost andrearmost portion of the said boiler, and an exhaust or discharge pipeat, having a valve a opens from the T-head a and leads to a suit-ablepoint of discharge. A removable cup-like section or cap a, normallycloses the lower end of the T-head a shown in Fig. 1, the T-head a islocated forward of the wall 8 and is exposed to the direct heat of thecombustion within the fire-box. As best shown in Fig. 2, a two-prongedcirculating-pipe 1) extends upward from the T- head a the same, asshown, being connected therewith by a suitable coupling Z). From theupper end of each prong or pipe I) a cir- As best flue-sheet l. Fromtheforward end of the other circulating-pipe b a single circulatingpipe 0also opens into the right-hand side of the boiler, as viewed in Fig. 2,and through the said flue-sheet a. Preferably the pipes 0, c, and 0should open through the flue-sheet 1 at points where they will not causethe removal of a flue or fiues.- Also the pipe 0 is advisably of suchsize that it will have a conductivity equal or approximately equal tothe two pipes c and 0 taken together.

The construction illustrated in Fig. 3 is the same as that illustratedin Figs. 1 and 2, except that the T-coupling a is located to the rear ofthe wall 8 and is connected with the elbow of the discharge-pipe o bymeans of a depending settling leg or tube a and a horizontal pipe a w Inthe construction illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5 the discharge-pipe a isomitted, and to the forward end of the horizontally-extended pipe a atransversely-extended settling-drum fis secured, as shown by co'uplingf. The sediment from the drum f is adapted to be drawn oif through apipe f having a valve f whichis normally closed. In this arrangement thedrum fis connected to the forward end of the boiler 1 by means of a pairof pipes g g, which open through one side of the boiler, and by a thirdpipe 9 which opens through the other side of the boiler. With thisconstruction twice as much water will be introduced at one side of theboiler as there will at the other side. Hence the water in the boilerwill be circulated with a spiral motion, but not to the same extent asin the construction wherein all of the circulating water is returnedinto the boiler at a common side thereof.

With the circulating connections described the circulating water is inthe one instance returned to the front end of the boiler and deliveredentirely at one side thereof, while in the other instance it isdelivered on both sides; but an excessive amount is delivered on the oneside. The same principle is involved in both arrangements, although thebest results are obtained by delivering the water entirely to one side.In both cases the water is drawn off from the other end of the boiler atthe bottom and central portion thereof. The hot water delivered at oneside of the boiler tends to rapidly rise, and if delivered on both sidesthe water at that side which receives the greatest amount of hot waterwill rise with the greatest force. This action of the water, due, ofcourse, to the law of convection and the returning cooler-currents, willproduce a rotary motion of the water, and as the water is constantlydrawn toward theopposite end of the boiler it will take a spiral motion.The expression deliveringin excess at one side is herein used in ageneric sense to indicate delivering the water entirely at one side ordelivering the water at both sides, but a materially greater amount atone side than at the other.

In the several constructions illustrated the lower horizontal pipes atare covered by a layer of fire-brick or similar fireproof material. Thislayer of brick 7c protects the pipe at from the intense heat from thecombustion within the overlying chamber 10 and prevents the water frombecoming intenselyheated before it has reached the forward end of thesaid pipe a at which point it is free to pass upward and back to theboiler. In this way an exceedingly rapid circulation is insured.

As another feature of my invention the cold water from the injector orother means of supply is delivered by a pipe 10, which terminates withinthe boiler in direct vertical line with the downflow-pipefor thecirculating water, which downflow-pipe in the several constructionsillustrated is a short pipe or. This inlet-pipe p is provided with avalve p, and at its depending end it is shown as provided with aslightly-contracted dischargenozzle 19 while in its sides it is shown asprovided with several lateral openings 19 As the water introducedthrough the pipe 1) is very cold as compared with the water in theboiler, it will of course upon its introduction into the boiler berapidly precipitated to the bottom of the same, and as it is thusprecipitated directly over the downflow-pipe a the downward flow of thecirculating water is thereby accelerated. In all of the constructionsillustrated the downfiow flow of the cold water is through a singlelarge pipe, and the return flow of the heated water is through aplurality of relatively small pipes.

In the construction shown in Figs. 1 and 2 the mud or sediment in thewater will be precipitated to a considerable extent in the outlet-pipe aand also within the cup or cap a and after these are filled, or nearlyso, within the horizontal pipe a Hence it is evident that with thisconstruction the said parts a a and a must be cleaned quite frequently.This, however, may be very readily done by opening the valve 0. andblowing out the pipes a and a and by removing the cup a to clean thesame.

The pipes a a a and a (illustrated in Fig. 3) may all be cleaned byblowing them out while the valve a is open.

As already indicated in the construction illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5,the mud-drum may be cleaned out by opening the valve f It will of coursebe understood that my invention is capable of many modifications otherthan those herein illustrated. The means for producing a spiral orcircular motion of the water within the boiler I consider, broadly, new.

What I claim, and desire to secnreby Letters Patent of the UnitedStates, is as follows:-

1. The combination with ahorizontal boiler, of circulating connectionstherefor receiving the water from the lower portion of one end of theboiler and delivering the same back into the other end of the boiler, anexcessive amount of water being delivered at one side of thcboilerandabove the pointofontlet from let from the other end of the boiler,substanlo the other end of said boiler. tially as described.

2. The combination with a horizontal boiler In testimony whereof I affixmy signature having horizontally-extended fines, of circuin presence oftwo Witnesses.

5 lating' connections therefor, receiving the Water from the lowercentral portion of one end JGHN CAVANAGH' of the boiler and deliveringthe same back Witnesses: into the other end of the boiler, entirely atM. K. WHITTEMORE, one side thereof, and above the point of out- WALTERL. CASE.

